Friday, September 4, 2020

Employment Law Compliance Plan Memorandum Essay

The accompanying notice is an Employment Law Compliance Plan for Landslides Limousines. The arrangement sums up key government and Texas State business laws. This report likewise incorporates proposals and outcomes of these laws. If it's not too much trouble note that Landslide Limousines is dependent upon extra laws if the business surpasses utilizing in excess of 50 people. In the event that Landslide Limousines neglects to conform to the laws featured in this update, the organization is dependent upon genuine punishments, including robust fines, claims, and conceivable arraignment. The government law necessitates that all organizations in the United States follow standard laws. A portion of the laws incorporate the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), the I-9 Employment Eligibility Verification, and the Social Security Act (1935). Extra laws incorporate the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Federal Unemployment Act. It is basic that Landslide Limousines consents and comprehends what these laws detail. The EEOC law forbids any business from victimizing its representatives. Both the EECO and the Texas Workforce Commission Civil Rights Division (TWCCRD), command that organizations can't oppress any worker dependent on race, sex, religion, handicap, or age (Employee Rights and Laws, 2013). As indicated by the law, â€Å"Employers with at least 15 workers occupied with an industry influencing trade, business organizations, and worker's guilds are restricted from denying equivalent employmentâ opportunities† (Business Employer Requirements, 2013, para. 3). Inability to agree to both of these laws will bring about expected claims by workers and likely money related misfortune for the organization. Representatives reserve the option to document a case against their manager in the event that they accept that they encountering separation. As per the Department of Labor (2013), if the protest is substantial the â€Å"Employee might be qualified for a cure that will put you in the position you would have been in if the segregation had never occurred. You might be qualified for employing, advancement, reestablishment, back compensation, an increase in salary, or sensible convenience, including reassignment† (para. 12). The I-9 Employment Eligibility Verification is required for any worker. The Immigration Reform and Control Act, expresses that the United States managers must check the personality everything being equal (Employee Verification Compliance, 2013). Bosses must check documentation like distinguishing proof, standardized savings card, work visa, identification, and so forth., to guarantee that representatives are legitimately ready to work in the United States (Empl oyee Verification Compliance, 2013). The EEOC and the TWCCRD, work to uphold the law. On the off chance that a business abuses these work laws, punishments like fines, and conceivable indictment will follow. The Department of Homeland Security, Department of Labor, or office of Immigration can explore any business, when they so picked. On the off chance that mistakes are found in the I-9 documentation, structures are missing, or on the off chance that it is found that a business intentionally utilizes an unapproved specialist, Landslide Limousines is dependent upon genuine punishments (Employee Verification Compliance, 2013). Punishments for I-9 administrative work blunders can incorporate fines up to $1,100 per representative (Employee Verification Compliance, 2013). Studies show that the quantity of businesses, who disregard I-9 work qualification confirmation, keeps on rising (Employee Verification Compliance, 2013). Along these lines, it is basic that Landslides Limousines gives close consideration to this. Texas Payday Law is a law that Landslides Limousines should be learned of. The law expresses that businesses are not required to pay representatives extra wages for working occasions or ends of the week (Texas Payday Law, 2013). This is at the diversion of the business. Rest breaks more than 20 minutes and mid-day breaks surpassing 30 minutes must be paid. Texas law necessitates that compensation â€Å"must be conveyed to the representatives at their regularâ place of work during working hours, sent by enlisted mail, or by direct store to be gotten by the worker no later than payday† (Texas Law, 2013, para. 2). Under Texas law, workers can record a case for unpaid wages. They may do this as long as 180 days from when pay is expected (Texas Law, 2013). In the event that a representative is laid off, stops or is terminated, the business must compensation the worker owed compensation by the following payroll interval (Texas Law, 2013). Bosses are not required to pay representatives excursion pay, except if this advantage is offered recorded as a hard copy previously or during business (Texas Law, 2013). The Texas Department of Safety Health Consultations (OSHCON) is a program that is accessible to organizations by the Texas Department of Insurance. Organizations with less that 150 representatives are qualified for a free assessment (Business Employer Requirements, 2013). In the event that organizations â€Å"meet the government prerequisites, they are absolved from a booked review for 12 months† (Business Employer Requirements, 2013, para. 1). This is a program that Landslides Limousines needs to exploit. All organizations must meet government prerequisites to work legitimately. Avalanche Limousines is qualified for a free assessment since it utilizes less than 150 workers. A free investigation likewise sets aside the organization cash. To conform to Texas kid work laws the organization should abstain from e mploying people younger than 21. Because of the restricted hours that a minor can work in the province of Texas, Landslides Limousines should employ people beyond 21 years old, have magnificent driving records, and in any event at least five years of driving experience. A personal investigation and a duplicate of representatives driving records are required from the insurance agency. The limousine business necessitates that representatives have adaptable hours, for example, super late shifts. This is unlawful for anybody under the age 18. Minors can't work before 5 a.m., or after 10 p.m. (Section 15 Texas Labor Code, 2013). Government law additionally expresses that minors can't surpass over three hours of work on a school day. Furthermore, minors can't surpass or 18 hours during a school week (Chapter 15 Texas Labor Code, 2013). Managers who abuse the kid work law can be accused of a wrongdoing (Chapter 15 Texas Labor Code, 2013). Under Texas State law, â€Å" If a business damages kid work law, notwithstanding cr iminal punishments TWC may evaluate a regulatory punishment against the business up to $10,000 per violation† (Texas Child Labor Law, 2013, para. 3). To set aside the Landslides Limousine cash, we suggest that Landslide Limousines cease from offering representatives benefits, until the organization surpasses 200 workers. This methodology sets aside the Landslides Limousines cash, which permits the organization to extend its customers. Government law expresses that businesses are not required to offer medical coverage advantage plans (Cascio, 2013, p. 477). Notwithstanding, starting in 2014, â€Å"employers with in excess of 50 representatives, including full time-comparable workers, who don't offer medicinal services inclusion and have in any event one representative getting an assessment kudos for wellbeing inclusion premiums should take care of a punishment of $2.000† (Cascio, 2013, p. 477). Avalanche Limousines should know about this law should work surpass 50. As Landslide Limousines develops, the organization should know about the laws required for medium and huge organizations. The organization needs to proceed to follow and remain current with all Texas State and government laws. This will help evade punishments like indictment and fines. We suggest that an extra assessment be led toward the year's end. If it's not too much trouble let us know whether there are any further inquiries with respect to the data gave. The organization is glad to examine the above recorded laws further in detail. References Business Employer Requirements. Texasopenwideforbusiness.com. Recovered from: http://www.texaswideopenforbusiness.com/independent venture/requirements.php Cascio, W.F. (2013). Overseeing Human Resources (ninth ed.). New York: The McGraw Hill Organizations. Section 15 Texas Labor Code. 2013. Texasworkforcecomission.com Retrieved from: http://www.hrp.net/wp-content/transfers/2013/03/childlaborlaws_faq.pdf Employee Rights and Laws. 2013. Texas Workforce Commission. Recovered from: http://www.twc.state.tx.us/clients/jsemp/representative rights-laws.html Employee Verification Compliance. 2013. Cmrkmurrah.com. Recovered from: http://cmarkmurrah.com/legal counselor//I- 9_Compliance_Assistance_pa11620.htm Division of Labor. 2013. DOL.com Recovered from: http://www.dol.gov/ofccp/regs/consistence/factsheets/wprights.htm#Q12 Texas Child Labor Law. 2013. Texasworkforcecomission.com Recovered from: http://www.twc.state.tx.us/ui/lablaw/texas-kid work law.html#penalties

Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Macbeth Essay Summary Example For Students

Macbeth Essay Summary Here’s an exposition I composed for my English 4 class. The point for this article is as per the following: The relationship betwen Macbeth and Lady Macbeth is of prime significance. Give adequate investigation and instances of the idea of the relationship. (Integral and clashing components, static as well as changing, profundity of genuine comprehension, level of â€Å"evilness†, and so forth ) Macbeth is a play about death, decimation, double dealing, debasement and defilement. At the focal point of this is Macbeth and Lady Macbeth (a curious method of saying Macbeth’s spouse). As the play advances, their relationship changes significantly because of how every one of them handles their feelings following King Duncan’s murder. In the start of the play, Lady Macbeth is a solid, tyrannical individual. She appears to be ready to constrain Macbeth into doing things that he would not do all alone. She appears to stomp on anybody so as to get what she needs. She appears to be prepared to slaughter. She would have no issue moving on the backs of the wounded for a similar explanation stood up rich individuals today don’t care about the destitute children in Africaâ€she has never observed or experienced it. When perusing Macbeth’s letter that recounted the witches’ prescience she stated, â€Å"Yet do I dread thy nature; it is too full o’ the milk of human benevolence to get the closest way. † She needed to take the no-nonsense course to sovereignty (murder), however didn’t think Macbeth was ready. She has never murdered anybody (apparently), so she doesn’t comprehend why it would be so troublesome. Macbeth is a fight solidified warrior who is no more interesting to threat. He has killed in excess of a couple of men, ladies, and kids in his day. We’re educated regarding that at the opening of the play when a sergeant recounts how Macbeth chased down Macdonwald and â€Å"unseamed him from the nave to the chaps and fixed his head upon our fortifications. † But Macbeth realized the distinction among good and bad. Macdonwald was a backstabber and completely had the right to be sliced down the middle. Slaughtering Duncan was an alternate story. Killing a decent ruler/companion so as to pick up riches and influence isn't very P. C. also, is out and out shameless. At the point when Lady Macbeth raised murdering the lord he was reluctant to discuss something like this, at that point brushed her off and stated, â€Å"We will talk further. Obviously, being the whipped little mama’s kid that he will be, he was talked into her insidious trick plan. At the point when it came directly down to it, Lady Macbeth couldn’t murder Duncan. She says, â€Å"Had he not looked like my dad as he rested, I had done’t. † obviously that is a lot of BS; as a general rule she was simply too timid to even think about getting the activity done. This was her first indication of shortcoming, however it surely was not her last. As the play advanced her feelings outwitted her and she was gradually changed into a forsaken, gutless, little jellyfish who executes herself since she can’t take the warmth. Close to the end she goes crazy and strolls around expressing odd things like, â€Å"Here’s the smell of the blood still. All the aromas of Arabia won't improve this little hand. Goodness, gracious, gracious! † She was clearly all around upset by her job in the king’s murder just as the different killings that had occurred. She was so far gone that the specialist announced, â€Å"This sickness is past my training. † Macbeth’s character changed in a very different way. In the wake of slaughtering the lord, he felt engaged and before long started killing more individuals. 4 Units : Target consummation date: October 14, 2016 EssayMacbeths cold-bloodedness in real life is demonstrated when Lady Macduff and her child arebrutally butchered. At the point when he intended to slaughter Banquos child, Fleance, he couldacquit the homicide to himself by alluding to the prediction that Banquoschildren ought to be rulers. In any case, he is in no peril from Lady Macduff or her son;the wrongdoing is increasingly odious on the grounds that it is motiveless. Toward the start of theplay Lady Macbeth implored that she should know no remorseful visitings ofnature that may keep her from

Saturday, August 22, 2020

6 top retail jobs this holiday season and how to get them

6 top retail occupations this Christmas season and how to get them As the climate gets colder, that implies two things: the special seasons are coming, and there will be a great deal of occasional retail employments opening up. Regardless of whether you’re searching for a side gig to bring in additional cash or a right-now employment to get you through the special seasons, retail is the spot to be from October until January. The occasional occasion work is a perpetual exemplary open door for impermanent work, or an encounter building work that can be your entrance point to a more extended profession working in retail. Let’s take a gander at six of the top retail openings for work accessible this occasion season.Retail Sales AssociateThis is somewhat the great occasional activity. Physical stores are busier than any time in recent memory around the special seasons, and they need the sort of all-hands-on-deck staffs that will let them help those critical occasion deals while keeping the store running easily. Retail deals partners might b e answerable for loading racks, marketing, clerk ing, or working straightforwardly with clients. They may likewise be in the background, helping with approaching shipments and assisting with overseeing inventory.Holiday deals partners are normally expected to work long or late moves to oblige for extended store hours, and conceivably on vacations (particularly as an ever increasing number of stores creep their Black Friday specials into Thanksgiving Day). It’s a boisterous pace and you might be relied upon to be on your feet for its vast majority, so it’s critical to have the physical endurance to withstand the occasion surge. This activity may likewise included a specific measure of hard work and reaching.To begin as a retail deals partner, the greater retailers (think Target, WalMart, Kohl’s, Toys ‘R Us, and so on.) are quite often employing occasional assistance, yet in addition make certain to look at littler stores, who may likewise require occasion a ssociates.What you’ll need: A strong retail continue, first of all, and furthermore a solid arrangement of client assistance abilities. You’ll likewise need general retail aptitudes like great association, time the executives, the capacity to work autonomously without consistent oversight, and math abilities. You’ll additionally should be adaptable on your accessibility to work.Customer Service RepresentativeMore clients implies more client needs, and numerous puts away organizations beef up their client support divisions for these special seasons. In retail, that frequently implies keeping an eye on the telephones, web visit projects, or web based life stages to ensure that client issues and grumblings are being taken care of rapidly and suitably. Client support agents may likewise be entrusted with offering data to clients, handling returns or discounts, heightening client issues suitably, and investigating explicit issues. Since client care doesn’t ess entially concur with a store’s hours (and even less so if a store does a lively occasion business on the web), the movements might be for the time being, over ends of the week, or over occasions. This can be a great job for evening people, or somebody who has daytime obligations.What you’ll need: A strong client care continue. You’ll need client care aptitudes as a matter of first importance, just as tech abilities like dealing with multi-line telephones, recordkeeping programming, and web visit programs. You’ll likewise need solid critical thinking aptitudes, as quite a bit of your time might be spent assisting with diagnosing and resolve issues for customers.Holiday ActorMany shopping centers and stores (particularly retail chains) have an occasion show with an intuitive segment (like Santa visits and photographs). On the off chance that you take after the chipper old head mythical person himself, all the better. Be that as it may, individuals of every kind are frequently expected to assist with these presentations, shepherding kids through, or going about as mythical people/reindeer/other occasion characters. You don’t need to have an Academy Award-winning resume, yet on the off chance that you’re keen on working in a retail location without being a partner on the floor, this can be an alternative. You might be helping with photograph arrangement, or chipping away at swarm/line the board. The name of this position may change by store. For instance, Macy’s calls their armada of occasional Santas and mythical beings â€Å"Santaland Sales Associates.†What you’ll need: Great relationship building abilities, particularly kid-accommodating ones. On the off chance that you’re keen on being Santa himself, there are really schools for that. Something else, aptitudes like association and time the board additionally work well for you, as stores are similarly as keen on having these clients go throug h cash in the store as holding up in line to see the occasion display.Retail Housekeeping Associate/JanitorWith the entirety of the seasonal shopping disarray, stores can get jumbled and disarranged. Enter the housekeeping staff. Like pretty much every other retail office, stores frequently need additional assistance in the cleaning office too. These partners might be liable for cleaning the store previously or night-time, keeping up clean open zones during business hours, restocking things like boxes and packs in checkout territories, and by and large tidying up messes that happen in all the occasion commotion. The housekeeping staff enables the activities of a store to run more smoothly.What you’ll need: Good time the board and hierarchical aptitudes, and the capacity to work autonomously to do what should be done.Warehouse/Shipping AssociateWarehouse staff are a higher priority than at any other time in the web based business blast, and are fundamental to increasingly conv entional retail locations too. These partners keep items on racks and showing up at customers’ entryways, and during the special seasons, organizations recruit more staff to oblige the higher volume of requests. Distribution center partners might be answerable for collecting shipments, planning shipments, preparing active and approaching shipments, following stock, and utilizing substantial gear (Iike forklifts) to move merchandise and shipments around. Numerous organizations (like Amazon) recruit stockroom staff all around the nation to ensure their distribution centers and delivery offices are working at top limit during the bustling occasion season.Most organizations employ occasional distribution center partners on low maintenance premise, however there may likewise be full-time open doors accessible through the occasion season.What you’ll need: Good physical endurance, as this is frequently a physical and requesting work. You may should be on your feet for shifts, and might be required to perform truly difficult work or other physical undertakings. You will probably additionally should be adaptable on planning, the same number of stockroom occupations have moves nonstop to suit occasion volume.Loss Prevention/Asset Protection AssociateWith occasion swarms come occasion shoplifters, tragically, and stores know about the need to welcome on more safety crew than expected to watch out for customers. Misfortune counteraction and resource assurance partners (maybe otherwise called security monitors) are answerable for guaranteeing that workers and clients are taking, and for guaranteeing the general wellbeing and security of the store. These partners might be positioned at specific focuses in a shopping center or store, or might be entrusted with coursing and observing potential dangers. Security partners may likewise work in the background, observing cameras or other reconnaissance gear to keep up request and wellbeing, and catch would-be hoodlum s in the demonstration. You may need to work with police or other law requirement as fundamental, and will probably get hands on preparing about store wellbeing and security methodology and best practices.What you’ll need: A secondary school degree or identical, and earlier security experience is perfect. You may likewise need to pass an individual verification. Furthermore, this activity additionally requires resilient individuals and client assistance skills.Retail employments can be quite differing, particularly when it’s the special seasons and stores need more individuals to do pretty much all that you can consider. On the off chance that you feel comfortable out on the store floor in the occasion swarms, extraordinary however in the event that your aptitudes lean more toward in the background client support, or keeping up the store’s calculated business as usual, there are a lot of chances there also. In the event that you’re keen on getting an occa sion retail line of work, an opportunity to begin is currently. Recruiting is generally done in a quick and enraged manner to ensure all the staffing is set up before Black Friday promotions begin hitting the wireless transmissions, so you should have the option to bounce on open doors as you discover them.We’ve got all the devices you have to begin in retail, make your resume, and prep for the meeting. Good karma, and cheerful occasion work chasing!

Romeo and Juliet Act 5 Flashcard

Romeo and Juliet Act 5

Friday, August 21, 2020

Cheating Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cheating - Term Paper Example These organizations, while publicizing, will utilize each term or means conceivable to depict the picture that a customer cherishes as being of lesser incentive than their item. It very well may be contended that most adverts focus on the demolition of the picture of every single other action that people might be associated with and rather progress in the direction of the advancement of just those exercises that are identified with their item. Therefore, it very well may be contended that bamboozling the client for advancing an item is a piece of promoting and the ethical quality, or absence of it, behind the adverts the premise whereupon they are established. In this way, most adverts, regardless of their temperament, once in a while hold any fact to what they are stating, since they regularly target causing the clients to accept that the item will satisfy their wants, when truly, these item don't have that capacity. The promoting of items, particularly those from globally perceived brands, isn't just done at a neighborhood level, the publicizing efforts are likewise done at a provincial, national, and worldwide level. This is frequently viewed as the most ideal approach to guarantee that the advert contacts a more extensive crowd than it would ordinarily have if the battle were done at just the neighborhood level. It tends to be contended that the polished skill of the promoting organization is regularly brought into question during such battles, in light of the fact that in spite of there being a set of principles indicating how organizations should direct business, the adverts frequently make pictures for their clients which are not founded on the real world. It tends to be additionally contended that the way that huge numbers of the adverts regularly persuade their clients to choose their items and avoid others of a similar quality is an unmistakable case of how these adverts cheat their potential clients. It very well may be said that adverts are usually planned for guaranteeing that a company’s items can contend viably against different organizations endeavoring to advertise comparable items and actually, these adverts are maybe what can be utilized to give an edge against rival items. A contention can be made that organizations are increasingly keen on making however many deals as could reasonably be expected in their objective markets and are not in the slightest degree inspired by the prosperity of their clients (Baker 1213). This is the motivation behind why they will do anything; even make bogus vows to their clients concerning their items, when publicizing, so as to convince them to buy them. The fundamental target that can be made concerning the publicizing of items is that it is planned for guaranteeing that the deals of the said items are amplified. All way of pictures and faculties are utilized to guarantee that this point turns into a reality, implying that organizations will as a rule make items, not on the groun ds that they have the eventual benefits of the client on a basic level, but since they wish to build their deals. Such strategies are as a rule mental, on the grounds that the real item may not satisfy the guidelines which are referenced I the advert. It very well may be contended that organizations frequently weave dreams for their clients and not their existence since they regularly go to the degree of making vows to the shopper about the item having the option to satisfy their fantasies and desires. The absolute best organizations depend on promoting and their capacity to persuade their clients, through their adverts, that their items are the

Friday, August 7, 2020

37% COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

37% COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Early January is always a busy time in our office. I know many applicants are anxiously awaiting news about the processing of documents and I thought I would provide some insight into what we are doing right now to make sure files get ready for reading. I will start with a statistic: 37% of the people who submitted applications for fall 2009 did so in the five days prior to the admission deadline. There is no problem with submitting an application anytime prior to the deadline, but here are some insights into how the process works. It can take us anywhere from three to five days to print an application once it has been submitted. Once an application has been printed a file must be created and then the matching process starts. The matching process involves combing through all of the mail we have received and documents that have been uploaded to our site and then printed. I would hazard a guess and say that we process well over 75,000 pieces of paper each application season. We have letters of recommendation, transcripts, test scores . . . well, you are well familiar with what we ask for at this point in time. I hope these numbers give you a picture of the process in our office. If you submitted an application slightly before the deadline, it might be a few weeks before we are able to complete the matching process. If you submitted an application well before the deadline the same may still apply. Even if you have submitted an application and several documents well before the deadline, the final matching process can take time. Stayed tuned and keep up-to-date with the progress of your application on the application Web site.   When the Web site indicates that all of your documents have been tracked into the system this means your application has been sent to the Committee for review.

Tuesday, June 23, 2020

Research & Describe Cloud Computing and Collaboration - 550 Words

Research & Describe Cloud Computing and Collaboration (Essay Sample) Content: Cloud Computing and CollaborationStudents NameInstitutional Affiliation:Cloud Computing and CollaborationThe world of Information Technology has remained one of the fields that continue to receive an increasing interest and attention of many scholars around the globe. Cloud computing is an integral component as far as global technological advancement is concerned. Well, according to Botta et al. (2016), cloud computing refers to the use of computer technology to complete a given task that is goal-oriented. It may involve the application of some hardware or software to structure, process, and manage any information type to help in scientific studies using various communication media. Cloud collaboration, on the other hand, involves co-authoring and sharing of files within a computer through cloud computing by uploading them to a central storage over the internet for easy access by others. In many occasions, individuals have collaborated and managed to obtain synergy that would have otherwise been unachievable if they worked independently. Sometimes it becomes too costly for institutions to meet their technological expenses when they stand alone, prompting the need to work together to save on costs. In information technology, it is common to find firms working together to obtain desired results.Studies by scholars show that institutions have used these tools, both in the past and presently. In fact, the latest trends show that these two significantly contribute to the wellbeing of organizations as long as staying in business remains their core objective. Management of resources has become easier with the emergence of the need to collaborate and use cloud computing. While the advantages of the former are more noticeable when an entity is on the brink of closing down and so may need to spread its risks, organizations use cloud computing by making use of the hardware and the software resources that are available over the internet in managing third- party services (Rittinghouse Ransome, 2015). This may majorly involve the act of storing data to offer backup services whenever there is a need. Thus, unfortunate occurrences like loss of data due to theft or fire breakouts reduce essentially when businesses realize the need to work together as well as to rely on the internet to store their data.Some of the technologies that are very crucial in the management of cloud computing include the worldwide distributed storage system, service-oriented architecture (SOA) and web service, virtualization technology, and web 2.0. Amongst all these technologies, web 2.0 stands out due to its ability to enable worldwide web collaboration, a user-centered design, and a quite interactive information sharing function. Some of the web-based technologies that fall under web 2.0 include multimedia sharing sites, wikis, social networks, Really Simple Syndication feeds, and podcasting (Hashem et al., 2016).There are glaring shreds of evidence on how the se two tools have proven to be beneficial, both to developers and to the end users. Other than developers feeling free from physical constraints, they are capable of connecting resources and people from various locations as well as providing new and different ways of accessing information. Also, they are able to boost processing and storage which in turn provides more power for running of applications. End users, on the other hand, enjoy the benefit of lacking any restriction limiting them to use a single network or computer. Besides, they are able to access and use their information from the internet whenever and wherever they want. Most importantly, there are no risks of losing any data from a computer as a result of crashing. Last but not least, there is collaborative computing, which enables ...

Saturday, May 23, 2020

A Wide Range Of Resources - 1277 Words

It’s not a challenging task to find a wide range of resources in a field like communications. There are many authoritative, trade and popular resources readily available to anyone looking just a few clicks of the keyboard away. The challenge at hand is finding resources that directly apply to the discipline that one is focusing on. I hope to manage communications for political groups or the government one day and when I started looking for resources, I found a plethora of authoritative resources for the field of communications that covered many different topics, but this was also the case for authoritative political science resources. What I had trouble finding were resources that applied to both public relations and political science. For†¦show more content†¦Articles are written by various scholars and professionals in the public relations field and once approved by their peers, are published in this journal. Six comprehensive issues of the latest research and studi es are published a year by a board of editors that are experts in the field. An article that was written by Kim Young titled â€Å"Understanding publics’ perception and behaviors in crisis communication: Effects of crisis news framing and publics’ acquisition, selection, and transmission of information in crisis situations† and published by Journal of Public Relations is the reason I choose this specific authoritative resource. The article is a study that demonstrates how people react to the way a certain event is portrayed by the news. The purpose of the study was â€Å"To better understand publics’ perception and communicative behaviors in crisis communication† (Young 35). The audience for this article is people in the public relations field, members of the news, and anyone that wants to know more about how news is manipulated to compel the public to think a certain way. Moving on to my second authoritative source, I choose a peer reviewed journa l titled The International Journal of Press/Politics. As soon as I read the title of this journal I knew it would apply to my discipline without fault. This interdisciplinaryShow MoreRelatedCanon V. Canon s Strategic Perspective1603 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the 1960’s, when Canon directly challenged Xerox in the copier market, it is apparent that the organisation used a range of competitive strategies to achieve surpassing success. Unlike Xerox, Canon focused their attention on quality, reliability and serviceability from the outset. This combination along with Canon s expertise, experience and knowledge of this industry, have allowed them to successfully challenge and sustain their competitive position in the market. Canon’s strategic perspectiveRead More SWOT Analysis 872 Words   |  4 PagesRobinson, 2011, p. 140). 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It is considered as an effective resource which provides advantage to business by providing all facilities of the management in corporate and educational departments. This system is used by: †¢ ICT Users †¢ Employers †¢ Educational institutions †¢ Governments. Characteristics of SFIA: †¢ DevelopmentRead MoreSwot Analysis of Sainsbury’s Plc.1151 Words   |  5 PagesFTSE 100 list at position 80, making 21 million transactions weekly, on both traditional and online platforms. It has the seventh-largest â€Å"TU† clothing brand among other over 5000 own or improved brands of products of food and non-food items and a range of over 30000 products sold in its stores countrywide and internationally. The organisation generated  £ 22943 million in the 2010/11 financial year and employs over 150000 staff in its 934 stores spread acrossUK(Sainsbury’s Annual Report, 2011). TheRead MoreHr Website Reviews1407 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Resource Website Review For this website review of human resource websites, it will cover the websites www.shrm.org and www.ifebp.org. Each one of these websites is a great site to use as a resource for their own respective category inside of human resources. This review will compare the same questions to keep the measurements fair, and will provide screenshots to use as demonstrations to provide visions throughout the paper. The first website that will be reviewed is www.shrm.org.

Monday, May 18, 2020

Christianity, Islam, And Judaism Essay - 1967 Words

Christianity, Islam, and Judaism represent the three most influential religions in the world throughout history. Judaism is, however, not as widespread as both Islam and Christianity, but it still has a profound impact in the world. Judaism, Islam, and Christianity are also known as the Abrahamic religions because their history is traced to the ancient individual, Abraham who is first referred to in the Hebrew Bible. There are many similarities as well as some differences between these religions, even regarding death and the afterlife. These differences are seen with regards mainly to be written in the Judaism, Islam and Christian Holy books. In some cases, it is found, however, Islam refers to details which are not present in the earlier traditions so comparison cannot be made. In both the Judaic and Christian teachings, there is a lot of information regarding the afterlife and this has led to many scholars creating many hypotheses as well as speculations about death and what is to be expected in the afterlife. Islam also gives many details pertaining to what will take place after death. In the Christian religion, there is a straightforward dualistic conception of existence which is the body and soul. At death, the non-physical soul separates from the physical body, however there is also different perspectives. (Segal 2010, p24). For example, others believe that the spiritual body which might have three dimensions as well as physical resurrects after death, even thoughShow MoreRelatedJudaism, Christianity, And Islam992 Words   |  4 PagesJudaism, Christianity and Islam are three of the most recognized monotheistic religions worldwide. These religions are often referred to as the Abrahamic religions because of their history to the founding father, Abraham. Judaism, Christianity and Islam are closely related with varying differences. Christianity was born from within the Jewish tradition, and Islam developed from both Christianity and Judaism. We take a look at some of the major similarities and major differences of these widely practicedRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, and Islam1538 Words   |  6 PagesJudaism, Christianity and Islam Christianity and Islam are the most influential religions in the world. Judaism has only fourteen million followers across the continents which makes Judaism the 12th largest religion. Although Judaism is not as large as Christianity and Islam, It still has an impact on the world. Prophet Abraham is the called in Islam the father of all prophets and because of that, sometimes Christianity, Islam and Judaism are called Abrahamic Religions. There are many known differencesRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1052 Words   |  5 PagesAubrey Fletcher 3/9/15 Humanities Professor Michaud 417868 Judaism, Christianity, and Islam There are roughly 4,200 different religions in the world today, among them the largest are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. These three religions are more similar then one would think. Christianity is the largest religion in the world with 2 billion followers and are called Christians. Islam is the second largest religion in the world with 1.3 billion followers. They are called Muslims, which means â€Å"oneRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam875 Words   |  4 Pageshave believed in a higher power or powers. Christianity, Islam and Judaism, the three most dominant religions are no different. They are all Monotheistic meaning they believe in one sole higher power or God. Though they share this common idea and many other similarity, they have many distinct features of their own that make them different as a whole. Many past religions have believed in the idea of multiple gods, Polytheism. Judaism, Christianity and Islam believe in one Supreme creator, MonotheismRead MoreChristianity, Islam, And Judaism1636 Words   |  7 PagesChristianity, Islam, and Judaism All three religions believe and worship the same God but they do it in different ways. Judaism happens to be the oldest religion today but they don’t have an official creed. They aim to teach you about God, the Messiah, human beings, and the universe which makes Jewish beliefs very important to them. But it is important to understand that being Jewish is more of a race and culture than it is a religion. Some Jewish people may have no interest in Judaism. Judaism hasRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1679 Words   |  7 Pages Completely Different but Surprisingly Similar Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all three different religions that many may not think can even be compared. At a glance, the religions are derived from different locations, the members of the religions look and act different, and some of the widely known practices are what make the religions so distinct. However, they are more similar than most people think. In the core of the three religions, many of their beliefs and practices show to be extremelyRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam902 Words   |  4 Pagesmost famous three religions -People of the book- are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Judaism is the oldest organized religion in the world; however, it only has 14 million followers around the world most of them centered in North America and Israel. Christianity, came after Judaism and have two billion believers around the world, and that’s about one third of the world population. Finally, Islam came after Judaism and Christianity. Even though Islam came afte rwards, it spread quickly around the worldRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1016 Words   |  5 Pagesthat keeps many people going in life but at the same time, the same reason our world has so many problems and has been torn apart. Through studying the main tenets in call, Judaism, Christianity and Islam were analyzed for weeks. Christianity and Islam take the cake for the two biggest religions in today’s population however, Judaism plays the smallest role. These three religions, although different, are easily able to be compared and contrasted because of all of the history and information we have attainedRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam1087 Words   |  5 PagesJudaism, Christianity, and Islam are among the best known and most widely practiced religions today, and have had enormous cultural, ideological, and historical impact on the peoples of every continent. Arguably more so than any other ideological systems, Abrahamic religion has been among the most i nfluential forces in human history. The shared elements of their traditions have allowed them to develop in part through a multi-faceted dialogue with each other. These faiths, despite sharing a commonRead MoreJudaism, Christianity And Islam995 Words   |  4 Pageshistory, different cultures and religions have created ways for the mourners to cope with the tragedy of losing a loved one. In this paper, I will be comparing the advantages offered by religious traditions for the mourners, focusing on Judaism, Christianity and Islam. In addition, I will be contrasting them with the benefits offered by our modern secular funeral services. To start, Judaism’s priorities are on community and on law. Therefore, Jewish traditions regarding procedures after the death of

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Loneliness in of Mice and Men - 721 Words

Loneliness in â€Å"Of Mice and Men† Friends are needed in a person’s life for emotional stability whom without would lead to a life of loneliness and solitude. In the novel, Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, the characters Crooks, Candy and Curly’s wife exhibit a form of loneliness. They are driven to George and Lennie’s friendship because they lack support and that emotional stability in their own lives.A guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody. Dont matter no difference who the guy is, longs he with you. I tell ya a guy gets too lonely an he gets sick (Steinbeck, 13). Throughout his novel, Of Mice and Men, Steinbeck shows that victims of isolation crave to fulfill a companionship to fill in that void of loneliness. Firstly, Crooks, a†¦show more content†¦Curleys wife also yearns for attention and someone to connect with but is shut off and avoided because of her sex. Steinbeck reveals the barriers that trap people into isolation and the urgency to escape. Of Mice and Men comes to show there is a need in every human being for some type of connection, togetherness, andShow MoreRelatedLoneliness in Of Mice and Men970 Words   |  4 PagesLoneliness in Of Mice and Men The novel Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck, takes place during the Great Depression era in the 1930s. Life changed dramatically from the thriving 1920s. Work was hard to find because of the bad economy, and everybody lived tough lives. It was even tougher for African Americans, women, and the elderly because they were all considered useless at the time. Everyone had no respect for them, and they were very low on the social pyramid. Due to their low status and respectRead MoreLoneliness Of Mice And Men1364 Words   |  6 PagesLoneliness in Of Mice and Men REVISE Loneliness is defined as sadness because one has no friends or company, and people’s most common response to loneliness is looking for someone or something to take away their loneliness. This is a common trait in the characters of the novella Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck which follows the experience of migrant farm workers George Milton and Lennie Small after they are run out of Weed, California and go to another ranch near Salinas, California during theRead MoreOf Mice and Men (Loneliness)2148 Words   |  9 PagesOf Mice and Men essay on Loneliness is a basic part of human life. Every one becomes lonely once in a while but in Steinbecks novella Of Mice and Men, he illustrates the loneliness of ranch life in the early 1930s and shows how people are driven to try and find friendship in order to escape from loneliness. Steinbeck creates a lonely and blue atmosphere at many times in the book. He uses names and words such as the town near the ranch called Soledad, which mea ns loneliness and the card gameRead MoreOf Mice And Men : Friendship And Loneliness1274 Words   |  6 Pages Of Mice and Men: Friendship and Loneliness Peyton Willett Period 1 In John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men a man and his mentally slow best friend embark on the journey of life together. Their friendship is very strong and this is unusual due to the other characters in the book being very lonely. Every time the two men get a job Lennie makes a mistake and they are forced to leave. After all of their intense work they hope they can finally have their dream and get a place theyRead MoreTheme Of Loneliness In Of Mice And Men998 Words   |  4 Pages In Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck utilizes loneliness as an overarching theme, there is however one character that is noticeably longer than the others in Steinbecks novella. This character is Crooks, a bitter and aloof man, he used to have a family with brothers and a 10 acre chicken ranch. Now he lives the life of a stable buck isolated by his race (he is the only African American on the ranch) among other things (Steinbeck,2002). This loneliness truly characterises him and causes no end toRead MoreOf Mice and Men Loneliness Essay1123 Words   |  5 PagesOf Mice and Men Essay: ‘Soledad’ means loneliness. Why is this relevant in ‘Of Mice and Men’? The relevance of ‘Of Mice and Men’ being set in the town of Soledad comes from the parallels drawn between the meaning of the name ‘Soledad’ and the deeper sense of loneliness expressed through the characters of the novella. The symbolism of the loneliness that is associated with the town of Soledad establishes an underlying sense of loneliness in all characters. The author uses a variety of techniquesRead MoreTheme Of Loneliness In Of Mice And Men1368 Words   |  6 PagesOf Mice, Men and Loneliness John Steinbeck is the author of the story Of Mice and Men. He grew up in the Salinas River Valley in California, where Of Mice and Men takes place. Steinbeck grew up in 1929 when the Great Depression was going on. Of Mice and Men also takes place during the Great Depression. There were many migrant workers during the Great Depression. Migrant farm workers are men who move around the country working and earning wages and then moving to the next farm. These migrantRead More Of Mice And Men Essay On Loneliness1267 Words   |  6 Pages In the novel Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck looks at the theme of loneliness as it affects many characters on the ranch. Crooks, Curleys wife, and Candy are the most excluded characters on the ranch, because they all have dreams that they will not be able to live out and they all are at loss when it came to companionship. Crooks is lonely because he is the only black man on the ranch. Since this book is set during the Depression, Jim Crow laws are still in effect, whites and blacks had separateRead MoreLoneliness Isolation in of Mice and Men862 Words   |  4 PagesAn idea I found interesting in the novel ‘Of Mice And Men,’ by John Steinbeck was loneliness and isolation. I found this idea interesting because it helped me understand how important it is to be surrounded by people. George and Lennie’s friendship contrasts this idea as they are friends and they have each other, whereas most of the other ranch workers travel alone. The idea of loneliness was strongly conveyed through the characters Crooks and Curley’s wife, they are both key examples of lonely andRead MoreOf Mice and Men Essay on Loneliness1318 Words   |  6 PagesMarch 2014 Of Mice and Men Literary Analysis Essay on Loneliness â€Å"Actually, feeling lonely has little to do with how many friends you have. It s the way you feel inside. Some people who feel lonely may rarely interact with people and others who are surrounded by people but don t feel connected† (Karyn Hall 2013). Truthfully, loneliness is something almost all people fear. It s a deeper feeling then just being isolated. It s feeling distant or disconnected from others. Loneliness is so much more

History of Western Society Ch 13 Outline Free Essays

History of Western Society Sixth Edition Chapter 13 Outline I. The Evolution of the Italian Renaissance A. Economic growth laid the material basis 1. We will write a custom essay sample on History of Western Society Ch 13 Outline or any similar topic only for you Order Now Cultural achievements of the 14th to 16th centuries 2. Northern Italian cities led the way 3. Advances in ship construction greatly increased the volume of goods that could be transported; improvements in the mechanics of sailing accelerated speed 4. Italian renaissance appeared in Florence 5. The economic foundations of Florence was so strong that even severe crisis could not destroy the city 6. Driving enterprise, technical know-how, and competitive spirit saw Florence through the difficult economic period of the late 14th century B. Communes and Republics 1. The Northern Italian cities were communes, sworn associations 2. Groups tied by blood, economic interests, and social connections 3. A properly qualification, years of residence within the city, and social connections 4. In the 15th century, political power and elite culture entered on the princely courts of despots and oligarchs C. The Balance of Power Among the Italian City States 1. Passionate attachment to their individual city states . The kingdom of Naples had long been disputed by the Aragonese and by the French. 3. In the peace treaty signed at Lodi in 1454, Venice received territories in return for recognizing Sforza’s right to the duchy 4. Renaissance Italians invented the machinery of modern diplomacy 5. In a number of fiery sermons between 1491 and 1494, Savonarola attacked what he considered the pag anism and moral vice of the city 6. The invasion of Italy in 1494 by the French king Charles VIII 7. In 1508 his cousin and heir, Louis XII, formed the league of Cambrai II. Intellectual Hallmarks of the Renaissance A. The Renaissance was characterized by self-conscious awareness among the 14th and 15th century Italians 1. Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374) considered the first two centuries of the Roman Empire to represent the peak in the developments of human civilization 2. The Renaissance manifested itself in a new attitude toward men, women, and the world B. Individualism 1. Middle Ages had seen the appearance of remarkable individuals 2. Large literature with the nature of individuality emerged, represented the flowering of distinctly Renaissance individualism C. Humanism 1. Humanism emphasized human beings, their achievements, interests, and capabilities 2. Renaissance humanists approached the classics differently D. Secular Spirit 1. Secularism involves a basic concern with the material world instead of with the eternal world of spirit 2. Humanist Lorenzo Valla (1406-1457) defends the pleasures of the senses as the highest good 3. Papal interests, which were far removed from spiritual concerns, fostered, rather than discouraged, the new worldly attitude III. Art and the Artist A. The subject matter of art through the early 15th century as in the Middle Agrs, remained overwhelmingly religious 1. In the 14th and 15th centuries, a large, intricately carved wooden bed, a chest, and perhaps a bench served as its sole decorations 2. Florentine Masaccio (1401-1428) inspired a new style, realism, the new international style B. The Status of the Artist 1. The Renaissance artist was considered a free intellectual worker 2. The social status of the artist of genius was immortally secured IV. Social Change A. The Renaissance changed many aspects of Italian, and subsequently European, society 1. Renaissance culture witnessed a shift in the status and experience of women B. Education and Political Thought . One of the central preoccupations of the humanists was education and moral behavior 2. In the 16th and 17th centuries, The Courtier was widely read 3. No Renaissance book on any topic, however, has been more widely read and studied in all centuries since its publication (1513) C. The Printed Word 1. By the middle of the 15th century, paper was no problem 2. Gutenberg’s Bible of 1456, movable type had brought about radical changes 3. Since books and other printed materials were read aloud to illiterate listeners, print bridged the gap between written and oral cultures D. Clocks . The English word quantification was first used in 1840 2. Mechanical clocks, usually installed on the cathedial or town church, were in general use in Germany by the 1330’s, in England by the 1370’s, and in France by the 1380’s 3. The status of upper-class women declined, in terms of the kind of work they performed 4. Laura Cereta (1469-1499) illustrates the successes and failures od educated Renaissance women 5. Women, of course, continued to perform economic functions 6. In the years 1338- 1358, rape was not considered a serious crime against either the victim or society 7. In the 11th century, William the Conqueror had decreed that rapists be castrated E. Gender and Culture 1. The term homosexuality was coined only in 1892 2. On April 17th, 1432, the Florentine government set up a special magistracy, the Office of the Night F. Blacks 1. The beginning in the 15th century, sizable numbers of black slaves entered Europe 2. In 1491 Isabella of Este, duchess of Mantua, instructed her agent to secure a black girl between four and eight years old V. The Renaissance in the North A. Last quarter of the 15th century, Italian Renaissance thoughts inspired northern Europe 1. There More found the time to write Utopia (1516), which presents a revolutionary view of society. 2. Francois Rabelais (1490? -1553) possess a distinctly secular flavor and have attracted broad readership among the literate public 3. Many of Bosch’s paintings reflect the confusion, and anguish often associated with the end of the Middle Ages VI. Politics and the State in the Renaissance (CA 1450-1521) A. Louis XI, Henry VII, and Ferdinand and Isabella in Spain had been labeled as â€Å"new monarchs† B. France 1. In 1438 Charles published the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges 2. In 1516 the new treaty, the Concordat of Bologna, approved the pope’s right to receive the first year’s income of new bishops and abbots C. England 1. Between 1455 and 1471, adherents of the ducal houses of York and Lancaster waged civil war, the Wars of Roses 2. The council dealt with real or potential aristocratic threats through a judicial offshoot, the court of Star Chamber D. Spain 1. The centuries-long Reconquista- the wars of the northern Christian kingdoms to control the entire peninsula 2. In the administration of Castile, â€Å"New Christians† held the royal secretary ship How to cite History of Western Society Ch 13 Outline, Essay examples

International and Multinational Marketing of Harvey Nichols Global

Question: Explain International Marketing. Answer: 1. Introduction The marketing of goods and services external to a firms host country is defined as the international marketing. This form of marketing has two forms: Global marketing Multinational marketing The report is supported by the international marketing of the activities of Harvey Nichols. The activities of business inside the international market have been elaborated here in the report. Harvey Nichols is a chain of departmental stores which was founded in 1831 in London, dealing with the sale of clothes, cosmetics, shoes, food products and other products. The company deals in the retail business of luxury clothes. There are many stores opened by this company within innumerable countries of Arab region, Ireland and U.K. The company wants to inaugurate its 9th international store. As the marketing consultant of the company, the focus of the researcher is on the analysis of the potentiality of the market inside the three countries on the basis of the international market. Australia, Qatar and India are preferred for analyzing the potency of the market and the framework of the market so as to do an effective business in the international business (A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF ELE MENTS OF MARKETING MIX AND BRAND EQUITY, 2014). 2. Situational Analysis 2.1 External Analysis PESTLE Analysis is done to analyze the external market. The following can be drawn from the analysis: Political factor (P) - The stability of Harvey Nichols at present the political environment is estimated with the aid of the impact of diverse policies of the government and the laws concerning the industries of the departmental stores. Environmental factor (E) Harveys environment factor is one in which its business cycle and activities are executed. This particular factor in the framework comprises the global environment, geographical and climate which is based on the trading that5 is done by the Harvey Nichols. Social factor (S) To run a successful business, social factor is the key factor just as the brand image, consumer choice, requirements, demand and the product image is the key factor for a business. To manage a department store both the customers and employees are crucial , so Harvey tries to build up such policies and strategies that are advantageous for both (Andersen, Denrell and Bettis, 2007). Technological factor (T) The customers are always updated by Harvey Nichols regarding the technologies they are adopting to run the business. The international marketing of this company is technology dependent to have an increment in the global communication and international marketing of the new technologies. Legal factor (L) This factor of the framework is associated with various regulations and laws that are formulated by the government of the country concerning the diverse businesses. The legal factors encompass employment law, consumer laws and labor laws that are to be followed by Harvey Nichols (Bak, 2010). Economic factor (E) The costs and the business cycles of Harvey Nichols affect the economy is analyzed in this factor. Being an international brand, the effect of Harveys international trade and the monetary policies are stated in this factor. It includes FDI rates, inflation rates, interest rates and the growth rates of the company. 2.2 Internal Analysis The marketing mix strategy of 4 Ps are taken here to analyze the internal factors of Harvey Nichols Product- The price of each product differs from store to store. The rate of the product is categorized on the basis of the needs and preferences of the customers. The company before introducing any product in the market evaluates the requirement of the customers analyzes the market demand and preferences. It surveys that if any company has launched similar products like that or not before them (Cedrola and Memmo, 2010). Price- Harvey Nichols price of products is based on various factors like geographical area, customers condition of finance and all other factors. Place- The choice of place of Harvey Nichols opening of store is done by analyzing the environmental factors, existence of resources and connection with transport and all others factors. Promotion- The promotional strategy of Harvey Nichols is done by advertisement through various approaches by television, internet, celebrity advertising and others. The importance of promotion is to escalate the sales volume of the company compared to the competitors. SWOT Analysis This analysis is done to identify and evaluate the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats that the company (Harvey Nichols) in the market. This structured planning approach will evaluate all these four factors that are involved in Harvey Nichols venture. It will specify the objectives of the companys venture and categorize the internal and external factors which are favorable and unfavorable to attain the objective (Ding, 2014). Strengths The strengths of this companys business are their sales and distribution network that makes the service of their sales and distribution even better compared to their competitors. The factor that strengthens Harvey Nichols business are monetary support of the company to run the business successfully, domestic market and the tactics implemented to break the barriers to make a new entry in the market. Harvey Nichols has innovative strategies to run their business and their business units also have good business experience to execute their business successfully (Mohammad Arabzad an, 2012). Weaknesses There are fewer amounts of weaknesses that encompass their business as compared to their competitors. Some weaknesses which may be a part of the list are high investment in the research and development team for their products and also the market, future strategies of competition in the market to sustain its business activities. Harvey Nichols should also focius their strategies to reward and provide benefits to its employees because the dissatisfaction of the employees may prove to be the biggest weakness of the company. Opportunities The steady rise in the income and the increase in the level of profit are the opportunities of Harvey Nichols. There are also some significant new achievements in the business. These opportunities are a support for the increment in the process of business (Formby and Dave, 2013). Threats A company cannot flourish without having threats in their business because threats give the company the zeal to compete more in the market. But also too much threats will harm the business. The escalating price of the raw materials, variation in price, changes in the international market, changes in the host economy and the risks from other business entities are some of the threats that the company is facing and should take steps to avert it. 3. Strategic options for Harvey Nichols (12C framework) A company always wants to open its business in the international market so as to ensure that they attain the varied types of factors of the business. Escalated market growth, diversification, joint venture, international production and the economies of scale are some of the factors which have an influence on the international market. Furthermore the company always wants to augment their activities of the business by promotion of the brand in the international market. Besides it is seen that to execute an effective business is a very hard mission. Multiple differences crop up within the domestic and the international market. Harvey Nichols needs to analyze its international market to effectively pursue in its business in multiple countries because the stakeholders, culture, environment, political and economical factors, behavior of the customers differ from one country to another (Guan and Kezunovic, 2013). The 12C framework is taken into consideration to choose a country for Harvey Nichols business activity. This framework contains the following Cs: Country Currency Culture or consumer behavior Consumption Concentration of markets Commitment Communication Choices of the customers Channels of distribution Contractual obligations Caveats Capacity to pay Harvey Nichols is aiming at China to launch their 9th departmental store in the Chinese market and for this it has to analyze the potency of the market. The framework is discussed elaborately below: Country: China has a flexible economic, legal and political system. The legal issues are comparatively low considering other countries like in Middle East. All companies effectively run their businesses here. Currency: In recent studies it has been found that the currency of China is the top performing currency of the year. As dollar has increased adjacent to many other currencies in the world, the currency of China has also hitched a ride. So due to this the new businesses will gain its competitiveness. Culture: The culture of China is very versatile and the people can adapt to any company products there. Thus advertising should be done on a rigorous basis stating the importance of the store in their market. Consumption: The result of increased population has raised the consumption standards of China. The dependence on the domestic demand may prove risky for the consumers of China which will show up in the government finance. So opening of Harvey Nichols in China will increase its consumer base so that the consumption rate of the country increases. Concentration of markets: China is known for its business and products. China has given rise to many famous companies. The markets and the population of China will give Harvey Nichols zeal to do business. Commitment: As China will be the host country for Harvey Nichols, the company should focus on the long term planning and the strategic financial investment of the company so that it can ensure effective business. Communication: Language of China is easy to adapt and the company should ensure that the employees adapt to the language skills of the country to execute an effective business. The company can also take the aid e-mail and other medium of communication in the initial stage of business operations within the country (Lin, 2010). Choice: Harvey Nichols has to look into the choices of the customers because the customers in China have diverse tastes and preferences which will take time for a retail chain to build up. Channels of distribution: The channels of distribution in China are a bit complicated but the company has to choose proper networks of distribution so ensure smooth delivery of its products. The local suppliers should be utilized for the distribution. Contractual obligations: The Company should understand the economic laws and the foreign provisions to trade in this country. Violation of law may give rise to improper business venture for the company. Capacity to pay: As the currency of China is flexible the customers have an open hand to pay for the products. But the company has to put reasonable prices to ensure that they get hold of the customer base initially. Caveats: The law and order should be followed by the country to ensure that they execute their business process smoothly. 4. Strategic Options 4.1 Growth Strategy 4.1.1. Ansoff Matrix The table shown below in the growth analysis of Harvey Nichols business in China to ensure the risks of different growth options for Harvey Nichols Figure 1: Ansoff Matrix Harvey Nichols can start a loyalty scheme in the China market so that it can ensure low risk as an existing product is placed in the existing market. There is an involvement of high risk in the online sale of grocery in the existing product in a new market like China. They can alsio create a branding of the Chinese products with the Harvey Nichols value label in which the creation of a new product is done in the existing market (Moussetis, 2011). The risk lies in the fourth quadrant where the launch of intercity express stores of Harvey Nichols which involves the movement into a new market with a new product. The movement from one quadrant to another is increasing the level of risk. Harvey Nichols should explore the Chinese market by undertaking the risk options to keep up with the competitors (Holopainen and Toivonen, 2012). 4.2 Competitive Strategy 4.2.1 Bowman strategic clock This theory helps to analyze the competitive position of markets compared to the other business entities. Harvey Nichols first has to analyze the competitor, identify the process, selecting and assessing the major competitors (Zhang, 2008). Secondly the company has to develop 6he competitive advantage of the e-marketing strategies which position the company strongly against the competitors and give it the best probable competitive advantage (NEUMANN, 2008). There are eight such positions which in the clock which will help analyzing the competition in the market for Harvey Nichols: Position 1: Low Price/Low Value: This is the bargain basement where the firm doesnt choose to compete basically. Here the products of HN may find differentiated value. Here the company has to sell inferior products in a price that will be attractive for the consumers. Position 2: Low Price: Here the company will be a low cost leader. HN can persuade the suppliers to enter the arena of low price. Position 3: Hybrid: Here the companies give products at a lower cost but the products here have high perceived value than the products of other competitors which are lower in cost. Position 4: Differentiation: Here the company offers the consumers products of high perceived value. Here HN can either do an increment in the price of the products and maintain themselves in the high margins or keep the prices low and fetch greater market share. Position 5: Focused Differentiation: Here HN can offer their products with high perceived value and high prices. Position 6: Increased Price/Standard Product: Here HN can gamble and increase the price of the products, if the price is accepted in the Chinese market then the company will enjoy high margin of profit. Position 7: High Price/Low Value: Here HN have competition from the company which has monopoly in the market and it is a classic monopoly pricing. So HN can only sell its product if they keep them at a low price level (Sivakumar, 2007). Position 8: Low Value/Standard Price: Here the companies loss market shares. If any company has allowed priced product it can only sell by the price of the product (Makandar, 2014). Positioning of Harvey Nichols Brand The positioning of the brand has become a different in the present scenario. The brand image in the mind of the consumers is no more fixed (Yakhlef, 2015). It is now highly dynamic and it varies often across the cultures and the countries as per the specificity of the experiences of the consumer. Chinese consumers are expected to form deeper attachment with the brands which they favor. So HN can position its product in the Chinese market when the consumer here reach a maturity level and feels the wish to change (Liu and Wu, 2013). Strategic Recommendations With the appropriate marketing mix Harvey Nichols can position their products in the minds of the consumer. The company can diversify in the products made by China and give it their brand label (Vank, Mikol and vkov, 2012). This way they will capture the market and win the concentration of the consumers. They should put hoardings, vehicle advertisements, newspaper advertisements, etc. Price should not be escalated in the initial period to get hold of the customer base. The place to open up the new store is easily accessible by the people so that they do notr have any problem to visit the store (Macer, 2012). References A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF ELEMENTS OF MARKETING MIX AND BRAND EQUITY. (2014). ELK Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Retail Management. Andersen, T., Denrell, J. and Bettis, R. (2007). Strategic responsiveness and Bowman's riskreturn paradox. Strat. Mgmt. J., 28(4), pp.407-429. Bak, B. (2010). The Role of Price Floor in a Differentiated Product Retail Market. Economic Analysis and Policy, 40(3), pp.363-368. Cedrola, E. and Memmo, S. (2010). Loyalty marketing and loyalty cards: a study of the Italian market. International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 38(3), pp.205-225. Ding, S. (2014). Option Game Analysis on Financial Resource Supply in RMB Retail Market. International Business Research, 7(5). Formby, S. and Dave, D. (2013). Internal marketing for Six Sigma success: a conceptual framework. IJPQM, 12(1), p.77. Guan, Y. and Kezunovic, M. (2013). Contingency-Based Nodal Market Operation Using Intelligent Economic Alarm Processor. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 4(1), pp.540-548. Holopainen, M. and Toivonen, M. (2012). Weak signals: Ansoff today. Futures, 44(3), pp.198-205. Lin, X. (2010). State versus private MNCs from China: initial conceptualizations. International Marketing Review, 27(3), pp.366-380. Liu, Q. and Wu, X. (2013). Research on Chengdu Vegetables Marketing Based on STP Model. ASS, 9(4). Macer, T. (2012). Developments and the impact of smart technology. International Journal of Market Research, 54(4), p.567. Makandar, N. (2014). A STUDY ON REFERRAL MARKETING. ELK Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Retail Management. Mohammad Arabzad an, S. (2012). Improving Project Management Process in Municipality Based on SWOT Analysis. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 4(5), pp.607-612. Moussetis, R. (2011). Ansoff revisited. Journal of Management History, 17(1), pp.102-125. NEUMANN, T. (2008). Automobiles, the Mass Market, and the Retail Revolution of the Early Twentieth Century: A Structural Analysis of Changes in American Retail Institutions, Market Power, and Labor Demand. JEH, 68(02). Sivakumar, A. (2007). Retail marketing. New Delhi: Excel Books. Sivakumar, A. (2007). Retail marketing. New Delhi: Excel Books. Vank, M., Mikol, M. and vkov, K. (2012). Evaluation Methods of Swot Analysis / Metody Vyhodnocen Swot Analzy. GeoScience Engineering, 58(2). Yakhlef, A. (2015). Customer experience within retail environments: An embodied, spatial approach. Marketing Theory. Zhang, H. (2008). A Study on the Application of STP Marketing Strategy in the MBA Education Program of Universities in China. IES, 1(2).

Friday, May 1, 2020

Handbook Of Human Resource Management Practice - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Handbook Of Human Resource Management Practice. Answer: Introduction Human resource management is one of the most important factors necessary for the effective functioning of any organization. In this course, we learnt various aspects of human resource management and its importance in our professional lives. The HR department of every business is weighed with a lot of responsibilities relating to the companys employees (Hendry, 2012). This reflective journal consists of my learning experience in the HRM unit of my Bachelors in business course. The lessons covered through this course have deepened my understanding about the various functions of the human resource management. The teachers have put sufficient efforts in explaining us the subject by relating it to real time experiences. This is largely expected to help us in our careers ahead. Human resource management in Australia The unemployment rate in Australia has recently declined from 5.6% to 5.5% last quarter which is the lowest in the last four years (Trading Economics, 2018). Organizations in the country are actively seeking competent human resources. In order to satiate that need, both public as well as private sector firms need effective human resource managers which would assist in seeking the right candidate for the right job. This unit helped me understand the importance of HR managers in the industry today. In the course of these lessons I came to understand that the functions of HR are not limited to simply recruiting people for an organization, but they rather expand to ensuring that the employees are satisfied, their personal goals are aligned with those of the business and their performance is regularly evaluated. I learnt that initially HR was simply an administrative function but now HR is a strategic and influential part of the business. In the class, we discussed how the human resource management function across different Australian companies is growing and expanding its horizons towards various HR perspectives. The efficiency of the HR management is also evident from the increasing job satisfaction and retention among employees in Australia. In Australian firms, Human resource department fulfills many roles and have a vast span of functions. These begin with recruiting and selection of the right employee, aligning organizational goals and personal goals of employees, designing all the jobs in the business, ensuring effective performance, evaluating performance of employees at regular intervals, resolve conflicts within the firm, let go of non-competent resources, adhere to the legality of the business, ensure fair and timely compensation along with managing work life balance for employees. Strategic human resource management Strategic human resource management is different from human resource management as being more planned and tactical in nature (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). The aim of the SHRM is to ensure that organizational goals are met through effective HR strategies in place. In this course I learnt that rather the importance of appropriate hiring policies. SHRM involves evaluating how many vacancies are required to accomplish targets and how many of those positions are currently fulfilled. Then the manager of SHR department identifies whether the business needs more employees or the business has an overflow of employees (Storey, 2014). Aligning employees personal goals with the goals of the organization are also functions of strategic human resource department. This course made me realize the importance of finding the right candidate for the right job is a two way process. Firstly the employee must be competent enough to perform the job and secondly the job must be challenging and rewarding enough to motivate employee and help in their growth and development. This class made me aware of certain policies that have been adopted by the Australian government in order to ensure fairness in recruitment. These form the legal aspects of the HR department of all Australian organizations. I learnt that in the country, every citizen has the right to an equal employment opportunity and that all the organizations are bound by various laws which protect employees from being bullied or harassed and their occupational safety is ensured. Recruitment and selection Recruitment and selection are definitely the core functions of every HR department in Australia. This function forms the base of the business as it ensures that the organization has competent human resources which will work together to achieve organizational goals. Through this course, I learnt how HR managers find candidates for a particular position in the company. Job interviews are something that everyone has experience at some point of other in their lifetimes. However, in this course, the recruiters perspective was highlighted in the process of an interview which was an entirely new learning experience for me. It made me aware of the various qualities upon which interviewers judge applying candidates and this information is sure to help me in my future interviews. Dressing appropriately, maintaining a good body language and assertiveness are all important aspects in a job interview. I also learnt that in the selection process, companys often contact previous employers and take a feedback from them about the candidates performance. Therefore, it is important to always leave any organization in a highly ethical and truly professional manner (Dandaro, Silva Carvalho, 2017). Absconding of any kind will lead to problems in future job opportunities as well. During the class discussion, we were also told the importance of having a well-designed and neat CV while applying for a job. Our teacher informed us that a CV should be impressive and it should neither be too short nor too long. One very important thing that our teacher told us during this course is how people often over promise during an interview because they need a job and upon recruitment they are unable to fulfil those requirements. This leads to wastage of time and other resources of the organization as well as the candidate applying. On the other hand, often organizations over promise in order to attract a competent candidate but then neglect of those high expectations leads to employees being dissatisfied. Therefore the transparency and openness of communication during an interview is very crucial. Managing diversity and work-life balance In the era of globalization and digitization, it has become much easier for employees in any part of the world to be working with an organization located in a different part of the world. Therefore Australia experiences a high number of very diverse workforces that has gathered from different parts of the globe. This has largely impacted the learning growth and development of employees. The flow of information has been much easier and the knowledge about different cultures in consistently on a rise. Moreover, anytime a group of people comes to work together, it is only natural for them to differ in opinions, viewpoints, working styles, decision making abilities as well as personal goals. This may often lead to unnecessary conflict (Morris, 2016). Hence, it is the responsibility of the human resource management of the company to make sure that they are able to effectively manage this diversity without hampering the organizational goals. It helped me realize the importance of understanding and knowing different cultural diversities. The course made me realize that rather than taking offense about someones behavior I should put efforts in identifying and understanding the cultural diversity they belong to. Work life balance plays a very crucial role in every individuals life. I have seen many people working over 12 hours a day that they do not have time for their families or friends. This causes stress and also eventually diminishes their efficiency at work (Kirby, 2017). I learnt that an important role played by the human resource management department is to ensure a work life balance. In the era of increasing competition everyone is focusing on work but hardly finding the time to enjoy it. Our teacher told us that it is important to focus on other aspects of your life as well like your family, friends and other social gatherings. It is important to balance this with work only then can it lead to effective productivity in an individual. On the other hand, excessive focus of family and social gatherings and contributing less to work and fulfillment of organizational goals will eventually lead to reduced productivity, hampered discipline and slow professional growth. Conclusion This course has been an enlightening journey. I have learnt various aspects of human resource management through this course and worked at understanding the many roles played by human resource management department of Australian firms. The course structure has helped me improve upon my skills as a future employer of any organization. I have also learnt various laws that are drawn to protect employees. The most important lesson was that was managing diversity. Hence I will make sure that I put my efforts in understanding different cultures and lifestyles of people to ensure a conflict free workplace. References Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Kirby, E.L., 2017. WorkLife Balance.The International Encyclopedia of Organizational Communication. Hendry, C., 2012.Human resource management. India: Routledge. Morris, B., 2016.Human Resources Role in Avoiding Conflict in the Workplace(Doctoral dissertation). Dandaro, F., Silva, A.C. and Carvalho, D.O.D., 2017. Human Resources: The Process of Recruitment and Selection in Small Businesses.Weber Business Management. Storey, J., 2014.New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Trading Economics, 2018. Australia unemployment rate. https://tradingeconomics.com/australia/unemployment-rate, retrieved on 13 January, 2018.

Sunday, March 22, 2020

3 Questions To Guide Your Marketing Program With Michael Brenner

3 Questions To Guide Your Marketing Program With Michael Brenner Successful marketing takes more than just running ads, publishing articles, and designing newsletters. With so many moving parts, running a successful marketing program can be elusive. So, use a thoughtful and simple framework to cut straight to the heart of what it means and what it looks like to get consistent results. Today, we’re talking to Michael Brenner, the CEO of Marketing Insider Group and co-author of The Content Formula. He shares his global perspective and the secret to success when it comes to content marketing. Michael discovered that he had an aptitude for helping customers at scale Counter-intuitive nature of life applies to marketing; there’s a lot more to marketing than just advertising, which we hate and tune out We perceive marketing in the wrong way; it’s a two-way communication between a company and its customers What type of marketing works? Things that are not selfish, promotional, and interruptive, but aligned to what customers are wanting and what helps them Marketing starts with culture, and growth equates to the amount of empathy a company has for its customers, employees, and world Mission Statement: What is your purpose? Meaning? What do you achieve for the people you touch? Step 1: No matter what you are working on or what role you play in the company, always ask: What’s in it for the customers? Do less promotion in advertising and more content marketing or education Identify the amount of integration and interaction that occurs across the company Step 2: What’s in it for your colleagues? Marketing goes beyond the marketing department; it’s a collaborative and magical effort Step 3: What’s in it for the company? Conversions and ROI of content marketing Culture, empathy, and performance lead to effective and successful marketing Michael tries to do 2 things every day: Be thankful and show empathy (T E) Links: Michael Brenner Michael Brenner on Twitter Marketing Insider Group The Content Formula Jim Stengel’s Grow AMP on iTunes leave a review and send screenshot to podcast@.com If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Michael Brenner:: â€Å"If you just help your customers, or help your buyers buy, and answer the questions that they have in that journey, then you can really succeed.† â€Å"There’s a lot more to marketing than just advertising.† â€Å"Selling is helping buyers buy, and marketing is helping buyers buy, as well, but at scale.†

Thursday, March 5, 2020

Athena-Goddess of War and Wisdom essays

Athena-Goddess of War and Wisdom essays Athena was born from a mortal woman named Metis, (meaning wisdom) and fathered by Zeus, king of the gods. The story starts off by Zeus taking Metis as his wife. Soon after she became pregnant. The gods Gaea, mother-earth, and the starry Uranus, god of the sky, found out that Metis was with child and gave Zeus some advice. They both told Zeus that Metis would give birth to a child who would come to be wiser and a far better warrior than he. Under advisement of Gaea and Uranus he swallowed Metis before she could give birth fearing that the child would overthrow him. In newer text, the story of Athenas birth is portrayed with trickery, by a crafty Zeus, in which he first turns Metis into a fly and then swallows her. When time came for the birth of the child, Hephaestus (son of Zeus and Hera) took an ax to the head of Zeus and split it open. Again, in newer text, Athena is born inside her father and releases herself with her sharp blade cutting herself out. With a roarin! g cry Athena sprung out of Zeuss head. She was fully grown and dressed in her battle armor. In one hand she carried a shield and in the other a spear and she wore a helmet of gold. Athena daughter of Zeus was very close to her father since she was born from him. Zeus grew to admire her. And this is the birth of Athena, goddess of war and wisdom. Athena is the daughter of Zeus. She was very close to her father since she was born from him. This is a story that shows that Athena, like many gods, have petty emotions, like jealousy, and they are not unlike that of mortals. Arachne was a student of Athena. Arachne was born from a low class family. Her father Idmon, dyed wool for a living. Athena had taught Arachne well in arts and crafts. Arachne would draw a crowd of nymphs every time she started a tapestry. They would watch with awe as she gathered unworked wool and turned it into ...

Tuesday, February 18, 2020

Girls and women in children's fiction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Girls and women in children's fiction - Essay Example and motherhood that run counter to the mainstream views of their time, but that the earlier book uses distancing narrative techniques to disguise this fact while the later book uses intimate narrative techniques to celebrate it. The difference in approach is due to the social pressures, or absence of them, which had an effect upon the authors in their respective historical situation. The three children labelled â€Å"the railway children† are introduced as part of a prosperous middle class English family who have fallen on hard times due to the mysterious removal of their father, Mr Waterbury. It emerges later that he was imprisoned on a false charge of spying. The father is therefore absent, and the children’s mother removes herself also for much of the time in order to write and presumably earn a living for the family. This leaves the three children Roberta, Peter and Phyllis, free to roam around the railway area and get to know Mr Perks, a working class station porter and and old gentleman who travels on the trains. The story is in many ways typical of Victorian children’s fiction because it is highly didactic and promotes moral behaviour and adherence to the rather stiff and formal rules of society. What is unusual about the book for its time is the way that the railway children switch social class for a time, and in a spell of relative freedom from middle class observation and control, experiment with autonomy, devising their own amusements and coming face to face with harsh economic realities and the limitations of conventional society. The children confront class prejudice in the episode of coal stealing with Mr Perks, race prejudice in the encounter with Mr Sczepansky and gender prejudice particularly in the character of Bobbie. The main character Goggle Eyes is a primary school child called Kitty whose parents are divorced, and who consoles a distressed classmate by telling her about the experience of having parents who divorce. The book shows how

Monday, February 3, 2020

Right to die Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Right to die - Essay Example The golden rule applies to the majority of people since many people are unable to justify the treatment of an individual through certain ways. However, distinctive treatment applies when one is willing to admit the treatment of the other person through justification when positions reverse (Rachels, 1986). Therefore, according to Rachel’s arguments and use of the golden rule, Euthanasia only applies when one person admits to treating the other with the same measure as he or she receives the same treatment. On the other hand, Kant’s issues on morality and the golden rule regards as a major historical alternative to utilitarianism. Kant sought expressions of all morality in a single principle that viewed sophisticated versions of the golden rule. Besides, emphasis on Euthanasia need to act on rules applied globally while behaving like everyone else. The idea applies to one supreme principle of morality called categorical imperative. The principle represents Euthanasia since it demonstrates maximum acts of individuals at the same time according to the universal law on the rights to die. Moreover, emphasis applies in demonstrating individual actions while making decisions to focus on general rules that everyone is willing to follow before making any decisions (Rachels,

Sunday, January 26, 2020

Cell Division Mitosis And Meiosis Biology Essay

Cell Division Mitosis And Meiosis Biology Essay The cell cycle describes the sequence of events that occurs during the life of most eukaryotic cells. It spans through mitosis and cytokinesis,( together referred to as the M phase), then through interphase (G1, S, and G2.) Cell division involves the distribution of identical genetic material, DNA, to two daughter cells. It consists of two phases, nuclear division followed by cytokinesis. Nuclear division divides the genetic material in the nucleus, while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm.There are two kinds of nuclear division-mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis divides the nucleus so that both daughter cells are genetically identical. In contrast, meiosis is a reduction division, producing genetically variable daughter cells that contain half the genetic information of the parent cell. In either mitosis or meiosis, the whole process begins with the condensation(shortening and thickening) of the genetic material, chromatin, into tightly coiled bodies, the chromosomes. Each chromosome is made of two identical halves called sister chromatids joined at the centromere. Each chromatid consists of a single, tightly coiled molecule of DNA, the genetic material of the cell. In diploid cells, there are two copies of every chromosome, forming a pair, called homologous chromosomes. In a homologous pair of chromosomes, one homologue originated from the maternal parent, the other from the paternal parent. Mitosis There are four phases in mitosis prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Prophase The nucleoli disappear and the chromatin condenses into chromosomes → the nuclear envelope is degraded → the mitotic spindle is assembled. The development of the mitotic spindle begins as the centrosomes move apart to opposite ends (or poles) of the nucleus. As they move apart, microtubules develop from each centrosome. Microtubules from each centrosome connect to a specialized region in the centromere called a kinetochore. Metaphase The chromosomes are distributed across the metaphase plate, an imaginary plane lying at the equator, between the two poles of the spindle. Metaphase ends when the microtubules, still attached to the kinetochores, pull each chromosome apart into two chromatids. Each chromatid is complete with a centromere and a kinetochore. Once separated from its sister chromatid, each chromatid is called a chromosome. Anaphase Begins after the chromosomes are separated into sister chromatids. The microtubules connected to the chromatids shorten, thus, pulling the chromosomes to opposite poles. The microtubules shorten due to uncoupling of tubulin units at their chromosome ends. At the end of anaphase, each pole has a complete set of chromosomes, the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. Since they consist of only one chromatid, each chromosome contains only a single copy of the DNA molecule. Telophase The process of nuclear division is completed here. A nuclear envelope develops around each pole, forming two nuclei. The chromosomes within each of these nuclei disperse into chromatin, and the nucleoli reappear. A constitutive part of the Telophase called Cytokinesis (in my opinion)creates two daughter cells by a process known as cytoplasmic cleavage. Whereas conventional mitosis is all about nuclear division into two daughter nuclei, cytokinesis embodies cytoplasmic division to form two cells. Interphase Sequel to completion of mitosis (cytokinesis, inclusive), interphase begins. It is the resting period (The cell is not actively dividing) , and arguably the growth period of the cell cycle. This growth period is divided into three phases, designated G1, S, and G2 based of their inherent activities. Although the labels G1 and G2 are associated with growth and S with synthesis, it is worth noting that growth takes place during all three phases. However, S phase marks the time during which the second DNA molecule for each chromosome is synthesized. As a result of this DNA replication, each chromosome that appears at the beginning of the next mitotic division will appear as two sister chromatids. During the G2 period of growth, materials for the next mitotic division are prepared. Meiosis Meiosis is very similar to mitosis, however, major distinction is that meiosis consists of two groups of divisions, meiosis I and meiosis II (both consisting of 4 sub-stages) and occurs only in sexually reproducing organisms. In meiosis I homologous chromosomes pair at the metaphase plate, and then the homologues migrate to opposite poles, while, in meiosis II, chromosomes spread across the metaphase plate and sister chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles. Thus, meiosis II is analogous to mitosis. A summary of each meiotic stage follows: Meiosis I Prophase I Starts like prophase of mitosis. The nucleolus disappears → chromatin condenses into chromosomes→ the nuclear envelope dissolves→ the spindle apparatus develops. Unlike mitosis, however, once the chromosomes are condensed, homologous chromosomes pair, a process called synapsis. These pairs of homologous chromosomes are called tetrads (a group of four chromatids) or bivalents (two pairs). During synapsis, corresponding regions along non-sister chromatids form close associations called chiasmata sites where genetic material is exchanged between non-sister homologous chromatids, a process called crossing over. Metaphase I Homologous pairs of chromosomes are spread across the metaphase plate. Microtubules extending from one pole are attached to the kinetochore of one member of each homologous pair. Microtubules from the other pole are connected to the second member of each homologous pair. Anaphase I Commences when homologues within tetrads uncouple as they are pulled to opposite poles. Telophase I Chromosomes are located at their respective poles, and a nuclear membrane develops around them. Each pole forms a new nucleus that will have half the number of chromosomes, but each chromosome will contain two chromatids. Since daughter nuclei will have half the number of chromosomes, cells that they eventually form will be haploid. As part of telophase I, the cells begin cytokinesis and form cleavage furrows or cell plates. In other species, cytokinesis is delayed until after meiosis II. Also, a short interphase II may begin. No replication of chromosomes occurs during this period. Instead, part II of meiosis begins in both daughter nuclei. Meiosis II Prophase II The nuclear envelope disappears and the spindle develops. There are no chiasmata and no crossing over of genetic material as in prophase I. Metaphase II Chromosomes align singly on the metaphase plate (not in tetrads as in metaphase I). Single alignment of chromosomes is exactly what happens in mitosis except that now there is only half the number of chromosomes. Anaphase II Each chromosome is pulled apart into two chromatids by the microtubules of the spindle apparatus. The chromatids (now chromosomes) migrate to their respective poles. Similar to what happens in mitosis except that now there is only half the number of chromosomes. Telophase II The nuclear envelope reappears at each pole and cytokinesis occurs. The end result of meiosis is four haploid cells (chromosome makeup of each daughter cell designated by n). Each cell contains half the number of chromosomes, and each chromosome consists of only one chromatid. Later in interphase, a second chromatid in each chromosome is replicated, but the cell will still have only half the number of chromosomes. Consequence of Meiotic Error Sometimes, a set of chromosomes has an extra or a missing chromosome. This occurs because of non-disjunction -the chromosomes failed to separate properly during meiosis. This error, which produces the wrong number of chromosomes in a cell, results in severe genetic defects. For example, humans typically have 23 pairs of chromosomes, but individuals with Downs syndrome have three-instead of two-copies of the 21st chromosome. A condition known as trisomy and designated as 2n+1 Chromosomal abnormalities also occur if one or more segments of a chromosome break. The most common example is translocation (a segment of a chromosome moves to another chromosome). Translocation involves transposons, DNA segments that have the ability to move around the genome. Sometimes when they move, they leave behind mutations, and they can cause mutations by inserting into a gene. Fortunately, in most cases, damaged DNA can usually be repaired with special repair enzymes. A Comparison between Mitosis and Meiosis Regulation of the Cell Cycle The cell-cycle control system triggers the events of the cell cycle and ensures that these events are properly timed and occur in the correct order. The control system responds to various intracellular and extracellular signals and arrests the cycle when the cell either fails to complete an essential cell-cycle process or encounters unfavourable environmental or intracellular conditions. This control system comprises of several checkpoints a critical control point in the cell cycle. Major checkpoints include G1, G2, and M checkpoints G1 checkpoint the Restriction Point. It ensures that the cell is large enough to divide, and that enough nutrients are available to support the resulting daughter cells. G2 checkpoint ensures that DNA replication in S phase has been completed successfully Metaphase checkpoint ensures that all of the chromosomes are attached to the mitotic spindle by a kinetochore. Cyclin-dependent protein kinases (Cdks) as the name implies, depend on cyclin for their activity. Oscillations in the activities of various cyclin-Cdk complexes control various cell-cycle events. Thus, actuation of S-phase cyclin-Cdk complexes (S-Cdk) initiates S phase, while activation of M-phase cyclin-Cdk complexes (M-Cdk) triggers mitosis. The mechanisms that control the activities of cyclin-Cdk complexes include phosphorylation of the Cdk subunit, binding of Cdk inhibitor proteins (CIPs), proteolysis of cyclins, and changes in the transcription of genes encoding Cdk regulators. The cell-cycle control system also depends crucially on two additional enzyme complexes, the anaphase promoting complex (APC) and SCF ubiquitin ligases, which catalyze the ubiquitylation and consequent destruction of specific regulatory proteins that control critical events in the cycle. Growth factors Cellular plasma membranes have receptors for external molecules, or growth factors, that stimulate a cell to divide. One such growth factor is produced by damaged cells, stimulating other cells to divide. More than 50 different growth factors are known. Density-dependent inhibition Conventionally, cells stop dividing when the surrounding cell density reaches a certain maximum. Anchorage dependence Some cells cannot divide except they are attached to an external surface, such as the flat surface of a neighbouring cell (or the side of a culture dish). Cells Which No Longer Respond to Cell-Cycle Controls Cancer Cells Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and division. Transformed/Mutated cells, cells that have become cancerous, proliferate without regard to cell cycle checkpoints (Cancer cells do not exhibit contact inhibition), density-dependent inhibition (If cultured, they continue to grow on top of each other when the total area of the petri dish has been covered ), anchorage dependence, and other regulatory mechanisms (or possess abnormal signal transduction sequences which falsely convey growth signals thereby bypassing normal growth checks). Thus, cancer is a disease of the cell cycle. Acknowledgement All diagrams/tables were got from http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/f05pm/lect13.htm